This is my street, Gloucester, in Christchurch, New Zealand, as it looked 24 hours ago, when we were hit by another 6.3 quake.
Photo courtesy to www.stuff.co.nz
As expected by many (and predicted by Mockoblog two weeks ago), Hosni Mubarak abdicated. Protesters are celebrating what they consider to be a victory over a regime which for too many of them coincides to all they can remember – a lifetime.
Scenes of jubilation in Cairo, Alexandria and other major Egyptian cities and throughout the Arab World have the unrestrained joy and the party-like atmosphere resembling a football victory. But who exactly won exactly what? The protesters definitely believe they won the battle against Mubarak, yet they have no idea what’s going to happen next or, indeed, if they won or the regime chose to dispose of the 82 year old president like a trapped lizard which breaks its own tail in order to survive.
The situation in Egypt is still very volatile and nothing really has improved in terms of filling in the political gap. There seems to be no clear direction, no solid leadership in the street opposition, no positive unity (after the negative message of ‘down with the regime’), no credible alternative to the military power.
The matrix of the Egyptian society after decades of iron fist government is polarized. Most Western commentators fear the dichotomy between Islam and Coptic Christianity, yet the main divide will be between the poor masses and the collaborators of the Mubarak regime. And this is a very intricate social pattern, scaled down to the very single family. There is no corruption without corrupt people and no torture without victims. It is likely that the class that used to have the power will struggle to hold onto it while the pro-democratic protesters will have to protest again. As long as the military holds the power, there will be some balance in the status quo but this is unlikely to last. As the opposition will get better organized, so will the Mubarak’s ‘old boys’ – it will be just much easier for them, as they still hold the connections, the resources and the knowledge.
After a series of slight mistakes and embarrassing miscalculations, the White House finally got it right when Mr. Obama said that this was ‘not the end of Egypt’s transition’ but ‘the beginning.’ The beginning of what? This is neither a walk in the park for Egypt’s impoverished majority, nor the cup of tea for other authoritarian Arab regimes, nor much good news for Israel and its allies. A single spark could ignite the Middle East and the situation in Egypt, be it just economic, not even social, political and religious, is a bonfire. Civil War is still in the cards and it may even be of a kind yet unknown to humanity, a pan-national Arab civil war which, if not managed in the region, could easily turn into World War III, perhaps the precursor of the New World Order.
Ten days into the protest movements, there are more questions than answers around the Tahrir Square in Cairo and indeed in the whole Arab World.
The Egyptian popular uprising has the characteristics of a revolution, and a bloody one, too. Sides are starting to appear clearer out of the smoke of petrol bombs and a power vacuum is opening between the main three parts involved in this street conflict. But who exactly are these three parts and what are they doing right now?
The situation is so complex and volatile, that international reactions have been shaky, to say the least. In the last couple of days, American and European leaders seem to have understood that Hosni Mubarak is a dead politician, like it or not. Some other Arab leaders in countries surrounding Egypt can see the end of their regimes approaching quickly. If the revolution is not contained in Egypt (and it seems it will not be), the movement will spread abroad. This is not a Revolution similar to what Europe had in 1848, leading to the modernization of the continent by expressing the national entities and creating national states. The Arab World is divided by purely administrative borders. In fact, one people/one meta-nation live in the area and will act like one. This is something that may elude the understanding of the Western politicians. The road from tribal to modern state has been detoured via artificial countries resulted at the end of the European colonization of Northern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
So, what’s next?
Forget Mubarak, who pledges not to leave the country. He is history. Good or bad, he’s played his part. The longer the unrest lasts, the harder the local economy will be hit and the deeper the conflict in the Egyptian society will grow.
Poverty and instability lead to more violence and violence spreads across borders with basic revolutionary ideology.
If countries like Yemen, Jordan and maybe Saudi Arabia get involved in this uprising, the Muslim will, by means of coup d’état and/or the number game of the democratic elections, become potentially hard-line Islamic states and the regional power of Iran will grow.
The first to worry will be Israel and the US, and then the whole international community will suffer due to the effect of the crisis on the oil market. Countries like Russia, Venezuela, Norway and Nigeria may benefit straight away.
It is likely that other large Muslim countries, mainly Indonesia and Pakistan, will try to take advantage of the opening of this Pandora’s Box. The US will have to act in a military manner and Europe, very dependent energetically, will have to follow.
Communist China is the dormant giant to be watched for. They dealt with Tienanmen Square so swiftly, after all.